This work is to explore the static performance of memory in dynamic time. My friend is the protagonist in the photo, and what is recorded is a conversation between me and her about memory. This is the memory of a conversation between me and her from my viewpoint, the expression and documentation of the memory in the present time. For her, it is the experience she recalled in the past, and the memories that happened in the past are recorded through her facial expressions. The feelings you have when you see this work are memories that happened in the future.

Duan, JX. (2021) I think what I think [oil painting].
150 x 140 cm
Camberwell, London
Sort of images of work in a gallery situation
Unit 2 Critical Reflection
Consider Déjà vu in the developing status of painting in the Digital Era.
Description:
The main themes underpinning my research at present.
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Memory - human experience and the fallibility of memory - especially Déjà vu.
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Digital potential - in combination with 'traditional'/ 'physical' painting.
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Games - interactivity – playfulness.
Introduction
Memory offers more than just images that accompany us throughout our lives.
Moreover, memory can actively filter out complex plots and construct and retouch the imagery in one’s mind according to each person's different psychological factors. The selectivity and ambiguity of memory make people find that the way the brain stores pictures conflicts with the objective images taken by a photographic lens. The capture and depiction of memory have become the expression of the artists. (Zhou, 2020)
Therefore, 'memory' is the key theme throughout my practice and research in units one, two, and three.
This essay will focus on specific examples of memory phenomenon known as déjà vu. It is about our dream, epilepsy, and neuroscience. In addition, I found that as digital art becomes increasingly dominant in this post-internet age, the relationship between digital art and physical art is akin to the relationship past and present in the disorder of time brought through déjà vu. Nowadays, the medium of physical painting is undergoing significant changes, with artists combining it with digital media, and thus, how to express déjà vu in the developing status of painting in the digital era is the main area of my research.
I have identified a game language that disintegrates the boundaries between familiar and unfamiliar, fault and real, existence and nonexistence. I explore the relationship between imagination and memory, controllable memory and uncontrollable memory, active imagination, and passive imagination. I explore the interdisciplinary artistic practice, through theories of repetition art, illusionism, magic realism, Pittura metafísica, deconstruction and simultaneity, and the works of Joan Jonas, Patrick Clelland, Zeng Fanzhi, Ken Okiishi, Travess Smalley, Wade Guyton, and Michael Staniak. However, as déjà vu is an experience or a feeling, as opposed to a tangible object, my work aims to enable the audience to experience similar feelings of memory disorder, and possibly déjà vu.
The aim of my work is to discuss how the potential of digital art in combination with 'traditional'/ 'physical' painting can be used as a tool to express my feeling of déjà vu.
The development process of my work in Unit 2.
1. The relationship between episodic memories and Pittura Metafisica.
Firstly, I made some notes following the feedback I received for Unit One and made a plan for Unit Two that would incorporate this feedback. Namely, this was to make sure I had a clear direction for my research and practice.
I found an interesting phenomenon that fascinated me. The fact that I can see some images or patterns which others cannot see is magical, and I am curious why, for example, I can see patterns hidden behind the surface of marble tiles while others cannot (more details in my journal.) Consequently, I felt that a discussion regarding the relationship between metaphysical painting and memory merited further research. Because painting something cannot be seen just as both memory and imagination in our mind, there has a mysterious quality.
PADUA, Italy — Giorgio de Chirico set himself the unusual goal of ‘painting that which cannot be seen.’ The upshot was Metaphysical Art, which sought to reflect strange and elusive psychological landscapes, fugitive states of mind and to capture "the eternity of the moment" in physical form, in paint. (Morris, 2007, p1)
Are they my imagination or the memory of my mind? I think it’s not that important to separate them. Trying so hard to distinguish them, why not just find a way to express them or narrate them?
In the field of painting, memory is also an essential skill. Realistic painting has been popular in the West for hundreds of years. Properly speaking, realistic paintings in the mid-19th century were based on the memories of those artists. This is because even painting from nature must be done indoors. Even if the location is no longer visible, the artist can restore the scene from memory. Therefore, through the analysis of the painting, we may be able to understand more deeply what memory all is about.
The essence of episodic memory lies in the conjunction of three concepts-self, autonoetic awareness, and subjectively sensed time.






Drawing on the surface of marble tiles on 15 Feb. 2021


Photo shot on 18 Feb. 2021
Sketches about Deja vu 18 Feb. 2021
2. Combining illusionism art with shadow boxes to express the feeling of disorder of time in déjà vu.
Secondly, I entered the next phase and started to draw and paint some sketches to further my project.
I am inspired by Joseph Cornell's shadow boxes, which use paintings and vintage items to make collages in his shadow boxes. This resonates with me as I am also an avid collector, namely with vintage items which I then archive inboxes. In addition to 'collecting as a 'thrill of acquisition'',. (Salvador, 2014), items with such history intrigue me. When I archive vintage items, it feels as if I have archived a past time itself.
Peter Blake’s The Toy Shop also influenced my work. His work let me understand that no matter 'real' or 'virtual' collecting, the ‘thrill of acquisition’ and the ‘possession urge’ are the main motivation. That is the reason which motivated me to draw some vintage machines in my watercolor drawing because I want to record the sound and the images of the past. Following this, I scanned and printed out the watercolors and collaged them on the sketches that I drew based on my photos in real life. I did this to try to combine the past with the current scene to reflect the feeling of chaos in déjà vu, and design to store them in the shadow box.

Duan, J.X.(2021) Vintage Machine [watercolor].



Duan, J.X.(2021) Vintage Machine combine real-life [watercolor & sketch].


Duan, J.X.(2021) Vintage Machine combine real-life [watercolor & sketch].

Duan, J.X.(2021) Deja vu [oil painting].





Duan, J.X.(2021) Vintage Machine combine real-life in shadow box [watercolor & sketch & oil painting].
3. Simultaneity and the parallel universe in the exquisite corpse game.
I participated in an MA Painting online project space residency. During the residency, I invited my classmates to join my exquisite corpse games.
Could you imagine déjà vu is the feeling from the parallel universe?
One day I saw this photograph online which was taken by Patrick Clelland. At first glance, this mysterious photo evoked a sudden feeling of déjà vu. It was unbelievable as I was certain I had not visited the set of the photo but the colour of the sky and landscape felt so incredibly familiar. I needed to find more details about the photo to uncover the mystery and satisfy my curiosity.
After contacting Patrick Clelland, I learned that the photo was taken at a ski resort a few weeks before the beginning of the ski season in New Zealand a few years ago. I learned that the reason why the colours of this photo were so unique was that it was taken on an expired slide film.
The beautiful landscape that Patrick Clelland saw in front of his eyes is different from what he saw from the camera, and the representation changed yet again following film development. This beautiful scenery gives people different feelings. Just like Patrick Clelland could not imagine that the sky would show this strange colour when he used expired films.
It reminds me of the exquisite corpse game.
In 2012, Meyers's graph paper drawings sparked a series of collaborations based on the surrealist game Exquisite Corpse—a strategy of automatic drawing that became a popular parlor game in the 1920s and lives on today. The original concept was to create a human figure in three parts. A piece of paper was folded and passed around for players to complete; their predecessors' work hid- den from them. While the avant-garde sought to use the game as a vehicle for accessing the unconscious, Meyers exploits the methodology as a tool for artistic collaboration and visual dialogue. The rules are simple in Meyer's take on this game: the first artist begins the drawing, leaving only a fragment of the image visible; the second artist uses the fragment as a prompt to continue the piece; once the work is complete, the entire image is revealed. The results are often mischievous and unexpected. On the opposite page, you will find a fragment of one-half of an Exquisite Corpse drawing by Meyers. (The First Worldwide Game of Exquisite Corpse, 2016)
During this game, each individual uses their diverse imaginations to imagine each part of the body that they create and then combine them, often resulting in a form of "monster."
The feeling of taking photos in various times and spaces by Patrick Clelland is similar to the feeling of imaging various parts of the body in the exquisite game.
One of the examples is the typical simultaneity artwork of Picasso.
Picasso and his friends visited the original Iberian sculpture on display in the Louvre in 1906.
Picasso was deeply shocked by the Iberian sculptor's concept of 'conception over perception', and he was ashamed of it. What they drew was an imaginary perspective rather than a directly perceived perspective.
At the same time, with the development of film technology in the 20th century, the continuous movements of characters can be shown in the same picture, making Picasso more convinced that different perspectives can be shown on the same two-dimensional canvas. As depicted in the painting 'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon', the five girls are interpreted in the same two-dimensional plane in different dimensions. Their distorted and broken forms liberate people from a single two-dimensional perspective.
So, does the parallel world exist in a space that we have not yet perceived? The appearance of Deja vu reminds us that there exists an unknown world in which time is two-dimensional, and the past, present, and future will all be in one space.
I even think that Deja vu may not be a sensation brought by the confusion of time. Instead, it lets us instantly feel a two-dimensional time-space. In this time-space, the past, present, and future, are simultaneously presented in the same picture, and only once we have seen this do we find ourselves feeling Deja vu.








Duan, J.X. (2021) Exquisite corpse game [Acrylic painting]

Clelland, P(2018) photograph taken in New Zealand [Olympus OM-2N and Kodak Elitechrome 100]




Messages with Patrick Clelland. Screenshots (2021)

